ekpe society cameroon

Hope Waddell, Foreign commerce soon brought Calabar affairs into such a state, that the want of a bond of union among the different families, and of a supreme authority to enforce peace and order between equals and rivals, became apparent; and the Egbo institution was adopted. [40] "[18] References to the Igbo origin of the Efik were also made at the Hart's enquiry into the Obongship dispute where Etubom Efiom Obo Effanga asserted that the term "Iboku" meant quarrelsome Igbos. Colonial Anthropologist M.D.W. [73] The Efik native cow (English: Ena Efk) was regarded with some amount of reverence and was mainly killed on rare occasions such as the festival for the installation of a new priest king. All Ekpe members are hereby reminded that under Ekpe custom, we do not leave the lifeless body of our warriors in the battle field, and we certainly do not leave the remains of an Ekpe chief unguarded. a king whose attempts to have a special son lead him to make bargains with one Islamic missionary and two noble travelers. Transformation of the kp Masquerade in the African Diaspora The Sunjata Epic is usually understood to tell the story of: the rise and fall of the seven Nubian (Kushite) kings. Goldie describes Eburutu as a country that consists of various ethnic groups. Updates? The Efik language also borrows words from other ethnic groups such as Balondo, Oron, Efut, Okoyong, Efiat and Ekoi (Qua). Nsibidi: The Original Nigerian Writing Script - Culture (3) - Nigeria The group believes that when they eat human flesh, they gain the ability to transform into a crocodile. PDF The Origin of Ekpe Masquerade and the Nsibidi symbols in Southern Prior to Akak, the theory were proposed at the Hart's enquiry by Chief Offiong Abasi Ntiero Effiwatt and Etubom Ededem Ekpenyong Oku.[25][26]. The process of creating this richly symbolic cloth is laborious. Tanzania and the Art of Africa | JTArtRave AHR ~ 125 The tentative program is as follows: January 27th and 28th, 2012. The instruments above are particularly important to our study of the Sunjata because: they are the traditional instruments of the jeliw who tell the story in public performance. ekpe society cameroon - impactonoticia.news Plenty sugar cane live here and if some man must come for teach book proper, and make all men saby God like white man, and then we go on for same fashion. Aye, Originally Ekpe Fraternity was for religious purposes, but as the Calabar community became complicated owing to the new wealth which the early trade with Europeans brought it was. One theory propounded by Okon and Nkpanam Ekereke asserts that the term "Efuk" was a word of defiance and an expression used by the Ibibio man when in a fit of rage. Membership in the Ekpe (Egbo), or Leopard, society, for example, available to wealthy men who can meet the expense involved, confers high social status and political authority; these men participate in ceremonies concerned with ancestral spirits and are believed to protect the community through magic and religious ritual. Ekpe Efik was used as a government instrument in Bakassi in exercising authority for more than 200 years ago [4]. Laws were passed to halt several practices regarded as unchristian. Due to the rise of Calabar as a commercial centre since the 18th century, Efik settlements experienced a high rate of inward migration consisting of Sierra Leoneans, Lebanese, Cameroonians, Jamaicans and several other communities. The ekpe society has spawned a large number of Nsbd . Ethnographic - (Head crest, Ejagham People): Worn by a member of the Ekpe Society to intimidate and punish anyone who has broken tribal law. The Efik also manufacture a number of beverages such as Mmn Efik (Palm wine), Uffp (Native gin), Lemon grass tea (Nnyannyaa), Mmn Eyop (Eyop wine). History The Ekoi people, while all speaking the same language, have not tended to live in complete unison. Copyright Dr. Ivor L. Miller. One theory asserts that Ukpong Atai Atai Ema Atai, Adim Atai Atai Ema Atai and other co-founders founded Obutong after one of Eyo Ema's people was killed during a wrestling match with Ukpong Atai at Creek town. Hall Fund. ,sister Watz. The group is a mutual aid society known for elaborate street dances and very high. PDF (PDF) Lalimentazione In Ostaggio Le Mani Delle Multinazionali Su Quel Ekpe Society Emblem, Ejaham, Cameroon Dog Fetish, Vili, Congo Mlbuya (sickness) mask, Pende, Zaire Nimba Mask, Baga, Guinea Picasso Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907 Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907 (detail) Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907 (detail) Bust of a Woman, 1931 Tte de taureau (Bull's Head), 1942 La chvre (The goat) 1950 Other references There are different narratives on the arrival of the Efik at Creek Town. Ekpe cult, the leopard cult, and a male masquerade cult of the Efik, in cross river state of Nigeria, followed by Doomsday cult (prediction of total destruction of planet earth), then the. Omissions? [37] When many of the Efik had left for Ndodoghi, a series of unfortunate events occurred. One of Thompson's pupils, Ivor Miller, has now produced a noteworthy study, concentrating specifically on one particular secret society, Ekpe, of the Cross River region of southeastern Nigeria and southwestern Cameroon; its transfiguration on Cuban soil into the Abakua society; and the ensuing effect of Abakua in shaping all aspects of the . One of the most important castes in this society is the jeli caste. Here is a list of some of Africa's most prominent cults of all time: The Ekpe is a secret society that lives mostly in Nigeria and whose members are typically law enforcers and politicians. The Ekpe Society. To cast light on African perspectives, and on the point of view of enslaved men and women, this group of top Africanist scholars has examined both conventional historical sources (e.g., European. authority as head of the Ekpe (Egbo), or Leopard, society. It may not display this or other websites correctly. Traditional societies and social change in Nigeria: a study of Ekpe [32] Aye argues that the Efik could not have taken the royal emblem of the Uruan people as they would have already had their own royal emblem. ""Hakuna Matata" (No More Worries) - Integrating - NSUWorks Worn as personal wrappers during initiations and at social events, ukara cloth distinguishes Ekpe members. identity. While their political authority is largely diminished today, Ekpe membership is still prestigious and the society continues to be a unifying force among the Ejagham, Igbo, Efik, Ibibio, and other cultural groups in the Cross River region. The persistence oftheAbakua society contradicts the official construction ofa Cuban national identity. EKPE SOCIETY - Blogger Okoho Efiom bore the twins at Nsutana and raised them up for years. Only males can join, boys being initiated about the age of puberty. Ekpe" which literally means Lion, is a traditional secret society orig Several theories have been propounded on the origin of the word. Charles Ekpo Arthur Jarvis University, Akpabuyo, Nigeria The Cross River region is a vast socio-cultural mosaic which accommodates peoples of distinct ethnic, religious, social, economic and. cherryblossom wrote on WARRIOR's profile. This created a need for Ekpe DC to have a full Ayamba Nkanda (Nkanda Chief). [47] On the founding of Obutong, Colonial anthropologist M.D.W. Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations "Hakuna Matata" (No More Worries) - Integrating Indigenous Systems of Conflict Resolution into the Formal System of Government Administration in Cameroon: Case Study of the Ekpe Society of Manyu Division Stephen O. Agbor, Nova Southeastern University Follow Date of Award 2017 Instead, each settlement had its own lodge of the . A fraternal society that emerged in the western culture between the 16th and 7th century. The Freemasonry's affiliation to the Imhotep is clearly evident and this is probably why they are accused of several conspiracy theories, since their objective is geared towards the restructuring and controlling of global affairs. Imbued with transcendental aura, ukara conveys the sacrality and prestige of the Ekpe secret society. [76], Prior to the introduction of European-styled clothing, the Efik wore loin clothes made of Raffia (Efik: Ndam). Animals such as goats, chicken and dogs are consumed in Efik cuisine. I Am Niki Buroro Agbor Ekpe Jerome a holder of a professional Masters in Forestry and wildlife Engineering with focus on Protected Area Management, Masters of Science in Forest Governance and policies from University of Dschang and Professional Masters in Environmental Science (ESIA) university of Yaounde 1. It is uncertain the specific year that the Efik arrived Creek Town. [32] Another theory states that there was a disagreement between an Efik woman known as Abasi and an Uruan woman. [61] These papers were signed by the reigning monarchs of Creek town and Duke town who were Eyo Honesty II and Eyamba V.[61] King Eyamba and King Eyo had written letters to the British requesting that they bring in teachers to teach them trade and commerce and missionaries to aid them to know more about God. My party of 4 spent $400 at Space 220 in Disney World. kp lodges ruled local communities while also managing regional and long-distance trade. The society combines a kind of freemasonry with political and law enforcing aims. It was technically part of Nigeria, according to history, which was the reason we had the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC). Have you ever thought about starting a secret society? In Ekpe, he is a product of a dynasty of more than five Generations of Ekpe Sisikus, also known as Nfor Ngbe or Ekpe Chiefs. The society is now seen as a fraternity along the masonic lines which tries to represent the interest of Efiks. Historians recognize the advent and rapid rise of Ekpe as a direct result of a need for a new and effective mechanism of sociopolitical control in the complex economic environment created by the Atlantic slave trade. Photo by Eli Bentor. There are several theories regarding the origin of the Efik people. Resume: La communaure cubaine Abakua-descendantedes communautes :EB:k Ekpe et Ejagham ~gbedu Sud Est du Nigeria etdu Sud Ouest du Cameroun-a ete fondee ala Havane dans les annees 1830 par des leaders captures des villages de Cross River. In this light, the Cameroon National Council of Traditional Rulers would be a welcomed . Cameroon's multilingual Cross River basin. Several periods have been estimated by foreign scholars and indigenous historians. [77] Women wore a number of brass rings on their legs and arms. Ikpaya is now worn by an Obong-elect during the traditional coronation ceremony. Members of the Ekpe society are said to act as messengers of the ekpe society cameroon. Oroko people - Wikipedia The Efik language was also spoken in several communities in Western Cameroon. [6] The most popular historical accounts of Efik migration attest a movement from Ibom in Arochukwu to Uruan and from Uruan to numerous settlements along the lower Cross river. "[20] Eli Bentor, Professor of Art History at Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, speaks about the history of ukara cloth and moderates a discussi. The practice and display of Ekpe masquerade have been modified. [33][34] Abasi is said to have borrowed an axe from an Uruan woman and had broken the axe. After World War II, a movement called the _____ Movement was founded by such writers as Leopold Sedar Senghor and Leon Damas, to support using Western literary forms, while writing in African languages. Gelede Egbe: Yoruba Women's Sacred Society. Several accounts have been given on the migration from Creek town to Obutong. The Ekale and their famous shaking shoulders performing at the "Under the Volcano Festival", Limbe Cameroon. Iboku, Enwang, Usukakpa and Abayen. The version of Sunjata we have read is not the only version because: No version was ever written down by a skilled jeli, since Mande traditional society considers any story written down to be "dead". Explain. Write the meaning in the blank. Among these secret societies were Ekpe, Obon and Nsibidi. On behalf of Ekpe-USA Leadership, I hereby remind every member of Ngbe who has taken the aoth that our fathers and great grand fathers took to uphold those sacred traditions and beliefs, to immediately start preparations to do what they must do to send our brother to join our ancestors. [52] A number of people were hanged, shot and buried with the late chief according to the custom. The group is gaining grounds as it seems to incessantly predict the total destruction of the planet earth. Ivor L. Miller Papers - Amherst College - ArchivesSpace of Old Calabar by the Ekpe secret society, which was controlled by the towns merchant houses. The Internet has shone light on manysecret societies, rendering them not so secret. I am manyang Mathilda Nkwo of Akiriba village , upperbanyang and I am and still is oneof the oldest living practing manyangero in Manyu. The images, ideology, and secrecy associated with kp have been studied for more than one hundred years, and yet crucial features of the history of kp and its transformation have been neglected. Cameroon-Nigeria Relations, 1884-1961: A Study in Political, Economic and Social Interactions Between Two Nigerian Neighbouring States. [10] The original seven clans are scattered between Cross River state and Akwa Ibom state and consist of Iboku (Duke town, Henshaw town, Creek town and Cobham town), Obutong, Adiabo, Mbiabo (Mbiabo Edere, Mbiabo Ikot Offiong, Mbiabo Ikoneto), Enwang, Usukakpa and Abayen. Also i want bomb and shell. Due to the peregrinations of Efik traders across the lower Cross River region, The Efik language was regarded as the language of commerce in the Cross river region. [44] A list of some of Africa's most prominent cults and secret societies of all time. These Ngolo created the Ekpe society and invented the Nsibidi writing system in Usakadet (Isangele). Enyi laja na lasha b nyeere ha aka idi nsogbu nd baara ha. While some explorers describe the Efik as travellers who past through the Ibibio country, others assert that the Efik are of Ibibio stock. [67] Communities within the Calabar metropolis such as Efut, Kiong and Qua also speak and understand the Efik language. an extraordinarily powerful woman, who can change herself into a buffalo, the proud oldest daughter of a king, who insists on being respected, enraged by her brother's refusal to give her the inheritance she feels she is owed, guilt-ridden for having killed many of her brother's people, and for having pushed her youngest sister too hard and too soon into magical power. Ethnographic - (Mask, Elephant, Cape, Chicken Feather); Elephant Mask with Chicken Feather Cape, Bekom People, Cameroon. This exhibition examines the ukara cloth of the Ekpe secret society, a multi-ethnic all-male association in southeastern Nigeria and western Cameroon, exploring both the longstanding cultural practice the cloth represents and the artistic process involved in its creation. Ekpe could take life and could give it; it could condemn a whole town to a heavy fine and was promptly paid; it could punish offenders and could forgive; even kings and Obongs could never escape Ekpe laws and edicts.[69]. LEFT Omabe Eze sewing an ukara, Ezillo, southeastern Nigeria. Sample Translation: The Sacred Language of the Abaku - JSTOR Google Scholar Aye, E. A. Another theory narrated by Chief Efiom Obo Effanga of Obutong asserts that Antia Ekot Otong founded Obutong. . two young foreign men to whom she gives the power to defeat her. . [14], The name "Efik" translates to "Oppressors" and is derived from the Efik-Ibibio verb root "Fik" (English: Oppress). The Ekpe is a men's society found in Abiriba, Aro-chukwu, Ohafia and many other Bende communities in Igbo land, it is a variation of the important Egbo Ejagham ( Ekoi) in the Upper Cross-River as well as the Efik Ekpe Society of Calabar. Ed Keazor Follow Barrister-at-Law Advertisement Advertisement Recommended ekpe society cameroon - AllInsuranceInfo.org Mr. . Their king on the eastern Calabar coast was known as Ating Anua Efiom. Photo by Eli Bentor. Alcoholic content may be increased via adding the red bark of Edat (Sacoglottis gabonensis) to the wine. The Neegee is a cannibalistic group that feeds on human flesh to satisfy their God, and to gain power from that God. Welcome, Love, Peace and Unity in Nsibidi. Body art plays a major role in Ibibio art. What I want for dollar side is a fine coat and sword all same I tell you and the rest in copper rods. The paper critically examined the Ekpe society in its indigenous form and nature prior the advent of Christianity, Western education and Western influence. In its vastness, the Ekpe is a well structured society with semi-caste characteristics, in that, there are categories and titles which one may qualify to be initiated into, while others are strictly reserved for persons of certain status and backgrounds. how to get a towing contract with geico university of west london ranking world university of west london ranking world PDF Traditional Societies and Pre-colonial Security System: Interrogating Finding links between Africa and the Americas Efik traders could speak, write and read the English language. Brooklyn Museum [44][52] Aye uses Adiaha Etim Anwa's ballad as one of the basis for his hypothesis. In such cases, the Ekpe Society is seen as the . Long time we no look Man-of-War as Blount promise one Frenchman come make plenty palaver for slave when we can't get them. Many families sent their children to European captains to teach them English and the processes involved in the international trade. kp philosophy is grounded in "Cross River region concepts of community that include the living, the ancestors, and the land itself" [ Ekpe being] "a school for esoteric teachings [ revealing] ideal stages in a person's life [ in their growth to] maturity within their communities [ framing terrestrial experience within the context of the Ekpe members request nsibidi designs of personal or communal significance. The ekpo masquerade, occurring to the south and east of Benin, is performed by the warrior age group in ceremonies to purify the village ritually and to maintain health. [53] Some of the kings have been identified in the past by Etubom Ukorebi Ukorebi Asuquo in Aye's Efik people. Efik Traditional Attires The Efik are an ethnic group - RefinedNG Opinions expressed belong solely to the author and do not represent the views of other Members, Management, or the Community at large. [36] According to Aye, "Ikpa Ene could not carry the bulk of Iboku population, Ndodoghi had to accommodate what spilt over, and the two settlements, still under one rule, were separated by the left branch of the river which became their "inland sea". wikipedia.en/Akpakip_Oro.md at main chinapedia/wikipedia.en Living in what is now Southeast Nigeria and Southwest Cameroon, the people were physically divided by British and German colonial holdings in Africa. [70] Several meals were composed of yam such as Usu abia, Iwk abia, Afia abia, sb abia, Edifrai abia and fp abia. Why do you think it is important for us to understand our past? Group members would disguise themselves as leopards, wearing leopard skins, carrying claw-like weapons, and attacking their prey. Originally, items such as onions (Oyim mbakara) was rare in Efik meals. Imhotep was a revered personality as he was believed to be with super powers of healing and influencing people and affairs of the community. Within Nigeria, the Efik can be found in the present-day Cross River State and Akwa Ibom state. Additional Touches An account from the Qua said the origin of the Ekpe people can be traced to Cameron. PDF Cuban Abakua Chants: Examining New Linguistic and Historical Evidence Over the years, the Victorian dress has been modified and given what is regarded as a dignified African look. PDF Hood MuseuM of Art, dArtMoutH College What is a Free Agent "A free agent is one who isn't privileged with even one pure Leopard spiritline from the survivors of the Great Attempt. [37] The Uruan invasion at Ikpa Ene is believed to be the origin of the Efik saying, "Ama okut Ibibio, ku n enye ika, Idem amasat Ibibio eyewot owo"(English: When you see Ibibio do not give him fire(to warm himself), when he is dry he will kill you). Is It Safe To Eat Dinuguan While Pregnant, What Happened After The End Of Reconstruction Quizlet, Timeshare Presentation Deals 2021, Nysna Paid Holidays 2020, Ceo Turkish Airlines Email Address, Articles E