what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

This island, like all the others, is most extensive. 4 What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. The Spaniards moved north, too. Portuguese success in exploration depended on maritime technological advances, especially caravel ships with lateen sails that were triangular in shape and gave Europeans the advantage of finally sailing in both directions along the African coast. Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Thereafter, Vasco de Gama rounded the horn and actually reached India in 1498, allowing the Portuguese to succeed in their ultimate aim of establishing a direct connection with the spice trade. Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby Indeed, the Renaissance world was looking outward. The English Empire, 16601763, Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774, America's War for Independence, 1775-1783, Creating Republican Governments, 17761790, Growing Pains: The New Republic, 17901820, Industrial Transformation in the North, 18001850, A Nation on the Move: Westward Expansion, 18001860, Cotton is King: The Antebellum South, 18001860, Antebellum Idealism and Reform Impulses, 18201860, Go West Young Man! what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Corts was also aided by a Nahua woman called Malintzin (also known as La Malinche or Doa Marina, her Spanish name), whom the natives of Tabasco gave him as tribute. It results in increased costs, higher production rates, and lower . While the Portuguese remained focused on the establishment of trading networks, only turning to full colonization later, Spanish discoveries of established empires in North and South America led them to explore and subsequently expand their own empire with the intention of growing wealthier and spreading Catholicism. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Francisco Pizarro subdued the Incas of Peru in 1533. 201-202. The explorers also gained new foods like corn and pineapple. This slave trade also came into greater usage when the Portuguese followed the Spanish in setting their sights across the Atlantic, colonizing Brazil in the 1530s. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. Vasco de Gamas exploits successfully established a spice trade between Europe and India. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. Exploration of North America - HISTORY Under the leadership of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal took the principal role during most of the fifteenth century in searching for a route to Asia by sailing south around Africa. Why was exploration so important to Spain? (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. Posted on . How did Exploration impact the world? Riches poured in from the colonies, and new ideas poured in from other countries and new lands. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. The Spanish and Portuguese empires | South America | The Places The only arms they have are sticks of cane, cut when in seed, with a sharpened stick at the end, and they are afraid to use these. Want to create or adapt books like this? As Spains empire expanded and riches flowed in from the Americas, the Spanish experienced a golden age of art and literature. (1531) PDF The Age of Exploration - Urbandale Community School District Prince Henry the Navigator | Biography, Influence & Facts, The Development of Monarchical Nation States: the Rise of Power, Bartolome de las Casas: Destruction of the Amerindians, Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire | Biography & Facts, Carolingian Art | Overview, Renaissance & Characteristics. What lands did Spain lay claim to and how did the Portuguese react? There are many spices and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. In 1521, Hernando Corts conquered the Aztecs in Mexico, gaining a territory that was larger than Spain itself. His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. They traded up the Zambezi river and interfered with the existing inland African trade. As they died, new workers were needed. Q. Hoping to salvage Portugals Atlantic holdings, King Joo II began negotiations with Spain. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. - Translation into English - examples Arabic Spain brought the ecomienda system to the New World to build plantations for mining and farming, a system that categorically abused the Amerindian labor force without fair trades for their gold. Between 1540 and 1542, Coronado led a large expedition of Spaniards and native allies to the lands north of Mexico City, and for the next several years, they explored the area that is now the southwestern United States ([link]). JMSE | Free Full-Text | Can a 16th Century Shipwreck Be Considered a The Spanish followed suit, beginning with Christopher Columbus, before moving beyond mere trade and focusing on empire building. The overland routes involved terrain that was unforgiving and dangerous, and merchants couldn't trust that they would always be safe. the fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic Church. One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the . These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. Why did the authors of probanzas de mritos choose to write in the way that they did? They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. European countries started to think about forming empires, spreading Christianity, and ruling the world. . It also established trading posts in China and Japan. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? Ecuador and Columbia fell to Spain later in the 1530s, and Chile succumbed in the 1540s. In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. During the fifteenth century, Spain hoped to gain advantage over its rival, Portugal. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? Even though the empires of Mexico and Peru had already had thriving trade routes, superior technology and biological factors of new diseases to which the Amerindians had no resistance gave Europeans the advantage. Assessing the Success of Portuguese and Spanish Exploration and copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Treaty of Tordesillas | Overview & Significance | Study.com Spaniards captained the other three ships (San Antonio, Concepcin, and Victoria), and constant Spanish scheming against the Portuguese would have grave consequences for the voyage. At the heart of the Spanish exploration, was the desire to gain access to the spice and silk routes to increase their power and . The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. Dutch Golden Age History & Timeline | What is the Dutch Golden Age? 2.1: Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Like Corts, Pizarro had to combat not only the natives of the new worlds he was conquering, but also competitors from his own country; a Spanish rival assassinated him in 1541. An error occurred trying to load this video. Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Santngel had supported Columbuss voyage, helping him to obtain funding from Ferdinand and Isabella. In this context, the Portuguese and the Spanish became the first countries to explore the Atlantic consistently, finding routes around Africa to the East and new continents untouched by European expansion. They also found a sea route to India. Although Europeans continued to trade with the east, especially the seagoing Venetians, the venture was expensive and unsanctioned by the Catholic Church, which forbade Christian trade with Muslim empires. B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. The Spanish explorers were in search of mineral wealth, looking for El Dorado (the City of Gold) and they aspired to spread Christianity. He presided as governor over the province of Nueva Galicia, where he heard rumors of wealth to the north: a golden city called Quivira. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. Cortes formally claimed Mexican land for the Spanish crown in 1519. Settlements sprang up at St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565, and in New Mexico in 1609. Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. This button displays the currently selected search type. Bachelor of Fine Arts | BFA Degrees | NYFA This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of globalization, in which previously isolated groupsAfricans, Native Americans, and Europeansfirst came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous results. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. They were hoping to get rich, like their Spanish neighbors. However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Portuguese colonization of Atlantic islands in the 1400s inaugurated an era of aggressive European expansion across the Atlantic. Since the 700s, much of Spain had been under Islamic rule, and King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, arch-defenders of the Catholic Church against Islam, were determined to defeat the Muslims in Granada, the last Islamic stronghold in Spain. Cortes took land from the Aztecs in what is today Mexico. In addition to forcing the native populations into slavery, the Spanish explorers forced them to convert to Christianity. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. These lands comprised most of the Americas. This phenomenon is named after the physics of whip cracking. Islamic states had dominated. Hernando Corts was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. This two-volume book (1605 and 1618) told a colorful tale of an hidalgo (gentleman) who reads so many tales of chivalry and knighthood that he becomes unable to tell reality from fiction. What Was The Age Of Exploration Or The Age Of Discovery? Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Part of this Age of Discovery was the creation of a new occupation, that of conquistador. Vasco de Balboa 1513- goal was to find gold and a new sea. The motives for Spanish exploration was to find Northwest Passage, which they believed was a direct and efficient route to the Orient home of spices, silks and wealth. From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. . There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. Tools Used By Spanish Ships In The 15th Century | ipl.org Learn key differences in what each country focused on when colonizing. Discover the motivations & goals of Spanish & Portuguese exploration of the New World & Asia. 1015 Words. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration quizlet? Bartholomew Dias found the Cape of Good Hope, while his successor Vasco de Gama made it to India, where he realized Portuguese dreams of having a direct spice trade link and allowed the Portuguese to dominate the trade. It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. Everywhere they traveled, they brought European diseases, which claimed thousands of native lives as well as the lives of the explorers. How did Portuguese and Spanish exploration effect the people in Africa? Sources. In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. The Spanish brought horses, guns, and other weaponry with them which frightened the Aztecs. He and his men were astonished by the incredibly sophisticated causeways, gardens, and temples in the city, but they were horrified by the practice of human sacrifice that was part of the Aztec religion. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. 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Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Ushered in a new age of sustained global contact; world connected through networks of exchange. 4.2C: The Economic Causes and Effects of European Maritime Exploration Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. In this context, evaluating mercury contamination in coastal sediments and mercury magnification in marine food webs is crucial for . Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. C. Africans sold spices to Portugal and Spain. In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. The exploits of the most famous Spanish explorers have provided Western civilization with a narrative of European supremacy and Indian savagery. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Map showing the routes to the Far East. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. While disease killed populations. 5 What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? SPANISH EXPLORATION.docx - Primary vs Secondary The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest | US History I (OS Collection) The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History John Gluck Child Actor, Come Dine With Me Castle Wales, Articles W